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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

J. S. JOHNSTON. SEAI.

No. 564,380. Patented July 21, 1896.

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No. 564,380 Patented July 21, 1896,

FFICE.

UNITED STATES PATENT JOHN S. JOHNSTON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGN-OR TO THE POTTIER 85 .STYMUS COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

S EAT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 564,380, dated July 21, 1896.

Application filed November 6, 1894. Serial No. 528,035. (No model.)

To all whom it'may concern: or supports E, preferably curved downward Be it known that 1, JOHN S. JOHNSTON, a to increase the capacity of the frame,as shown, citizen of the United States, residing at Chiconnecting the side bars D D between the end cago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, bars 0. Upon each of the end bars 0 O and 5 have invented certain new and useful Imeach of the crossbars Eis mounted a row of provements in Seats, fully described and repvertical coiled springs 60, having their smaller resented in the following specification and the ends next the seat-frame and connected to the accompanying drawings,forming apart of the side bars and cross-bars, preferably by having same. their straight ends inserted into holes in the IO The especial object of the present invention bars, the downward pressure on the springs is to provide an improved construction of seatbeing suficient to retain them in place withcushion especially adapted for car-seats and out clinching the ends. The top coils of the similar constructions in which the seat is resprings a are connected by meansof springversed for facing in opposite directions, alplates 1) looped about the top coils, the plates I 5 though a seat-cushion embodying the invenconnecting four springs of a rectangle, preftion may be used also in other constructions. 'erably crossing each other and being secured For a full understanding of the invention, together at their intersection by rivets 1, as a detailed description of a reversible car-seat shown. While these plates may be formed embodying all the features of the invention and secured to the springs in any other suit- 20 in their preferred form will now be given in able manner, the construction shown is preconnection with the accompanying drawings, ferred, in which are used simple flexible plates forming a part of this specification, and the of such length as to loop about the top coils features forming the invention will then be of the springs and have their ends overlap bespecifically pointed out in the claims. tween the springs, a single rivet 1 thus secur- 2 5 In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of ing the ends of two plates at their intersection. a car-seat of the preferred form embodying A simple construction with a smooth top the invention. Fig. 2isacentral vertical sec-- surface is thus provided, the spring-plates tion of the same. Fig. 3 is a central longitub with the springs a securing a strong cushdinal section of the seat-cushion. Fig. 4 is a ion, while at the same time insuring the de- 30 bottom plan view of thesame with the frame sired elasticity at all points and in all direcpartially broken away. Fig. 5 is a detail View tions. showing the preferred construction of the The outside springs a all around the seat springs. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail showing 'are secured to metal plates 0, which, as shown, the preferred construction of the spring-plates are of such width as to be rigid edgewis'e 8 5 3 5 connecting the springs. While flexible longitudinally under the weight Referring to said drawings, A is the frame, of the seat occupant and are secured together upon which is supported the seat proper or at their ends, but supported solely by the cushion by sills 10 and on which the back is springs, so as to form a complete spring edge. reversibly mounted by reversing-arms B, the The springs a are preferably secured to these 0 40 seat being provided with the usual inclined edge plates 0 in the manner shown, that is, rockers 11, moving on the sills 10 for the pur the end of the larger or top coil of the spring pose of raising the front edge of the seat and is twisted about the next coil, as shown in lowering the rear edge as the seat is shifted detail in Fig. 5, so as to hold the top coil, and with the back in reversing, any suitable form then the end 2 is carriedinward and pro- 45 of connection between the arms B and seat vided with an eye 3, by which it is riveted to being used. the plate 0.

Referring now to the specific construction Over the springs a, spring-plates b, and of the seat-cushion in which the present inedge plates 0 a cover (I of textile material vention is embodied, C O are the opposite preferably canvas, is drawn and secured to 50 end bars, and D D the opposite side bars, of the side and end bars of the seat, so as to the seat-cushion frame, a series of cross-bars hold the springs in place and under the proper tension, the central springs being of greater length than the edge springs, so as to give the proper rounded form to the cushion. Upon this canvas (Z the packing or stufling e is supported, and outside this the plush or other cover f. It will be found that this c011- struetion provides a very efficient, comfortable, and durable spring-edge cushion.

The back-cushion shown in this application forms no part of the present invention, but is described and claimed in another application, Serial No. 551,058, filed May 31, 1895, now Patent No. 542,412, and it will be understood that any other suitable form of backcushion may be used in a reversible seat hav' ing a seat-cushion. embodying the presentinvention. As shown in Fig. 2, this seat-back has the top and bottom bars G l and series of crossbar-s II, on which bars are supported the top and bottom edge springs g and the body-springs '1', these springs being shown as having their top coils connected to rods 72 71: by clips at and held under tension by bands 0, connecting these rods to the frame. Over the spring-body thus formed is a covering of textile material. 1), upon Which is supported the fillings and the plush or other covering 1'.

It will be understood that modifications may be made in the construction without de- )arting from the invention, and I am not to be limited to the exact form or arrangement of the parts shown.

W hat is claimed is l. The combination with a cushioirframe consisting of side and end bars and a series of crossbars, of coiled springs supported on said bars and arranged i 11 rows, diagonal links connecting the springs in sets and crossing centrally oi the sets of springs, edge plates secured to and supported by the outside springs and of such width as to be rigid sidcwise while flexible longitudinally, said plates being secured together at their corners to form a frame extending about the cushion, and a flexible covering and upholsterin g supported on the spring-body thus formed, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a cushion-frame consisting of side and. end bars and a series of cross-bars, 0i coiled springs supported on said bars and arranged in rows, diagonal spring-plates looped about the top coils of the springs in sets of four springs and intersecting centrally of the sets of four springs and secured together at their points of inte1- section, edge plates secured to and supported by the outside springs and of such Width as to be rigid edgewise While flexible longitudinally, said plates being secured together at their corners to form a frame extending about the cushion, a flexible covering over the spring-body thus formed having its edges secured to the frame, and upholstering supported 011 the flexible covering, substantially as described. I

3. The combination with end and side bars and cross-bars E, of coil-springs on said bars arranged in rows transversely and longitudinally of the cushion, diagonal spring-plates 7) connecting said springs in sets of four and crossing centrally ol' the sets of four sprin said plates being looped about the top coils of the springs and the ends of intersecting plates being secured together at the point of intersection, edge plates 0 flexible longitudinally and rigid edgewise extending about the cushion and carried by the outside springs and secured together at the corners to form a spring-frame extending about the cushion, substantially as described.

4. The combination with end and side bars and cross bars E, of coil-springs on said bars arranged in rows transversely and longitudinallyot' the cushion, diagonal spring-platcs 1) connecting said springs in sets of four and crossing centrally of the sets of four springs, said plates being looped about the top coils of the springs and the ends of intersecting plates being secured together at the point of intersection, edge plates 0 flexible longitudinall y and rigid edgewise extending about the cushion and carried by the outside springs and secured together at the corners to form a spring-frame extending about the cushion, cover (.1 of textile material extending over the springs and plates and having its edges secured to the bars, and upholstering on said cover, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN S. JOHNSTON.

\Vitnesses:

URIAH F. CARPENTER, FRANK. R. PENTZ. 

